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AI and robotics: technology and India's capability

Artificial intelligence and robotics as technology and as national capability: how large language models work, computing power and foundation models, uses in public life, robots, autonomous vehicles and drones. Prelims has asked how large language models work and what artificial intelligence can effectively do.

UPSC has asked

  • Prelims 2026: how Large Language Models work
  • Prelims 2020: what artificial intelligence can effectively do at present

Showing 1 of 3 subjects, those that changed from 1 to 15 September 2026.Show all

BHASHINI

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Prelims and Mains

India's languages are the first problem any Indian artificial intelligence service has to solve, and BHASHINI (Bhasha Interface for India) is the platform built to solve it once for everybody. It is a layer other services call rather than a product a citizen opens, which is why its reach is counted in websites as well as languages.

  • BHASHINI runs under the Digital India Corporation of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
  • BhashaDaan crowdsources speech, text and image data for it.
  • Shrutlekh uses natural language processing for real time translation and transcription.
  • BHASHINI Sangam, its international workshop, was held in Kathmandu on 1 September 2026 to widen work with Nepal.
  • Maharashtra discussed a proposed MahaBHASHINI at a workshop in the State secretariat on 10 September 2026.

36Indian text languages

23Indian voice languages

35international languages

800+government websites powered

From Press Information Bureau (PIB) releases, September 2026

What changed

  1. 10 Sep 2026

    PIB, 10 Sep 2026: Digital India BHASHINI Division Organises Workshop at Maharashtra Mantralaya; Advances Multilingual AI for Inclusive Digital Governance (opens in a new tab)

  2. 1 Sep 2026

    PIB, 1 Sep 2026: Digital India BHASHINI Division Organises BHASHINI SANGAM Workshop in Nepal; Strengthens India–Nepal Collaboration on Multilingual AI (opens in a new tab)

  3. 14 Aug 2026

    • The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) released SraVaani, a speech recognition model covering 65 Indian languages and dialects.
    • Built with ARTPARK and Google, it is free and open source.
    • It reaches 20 scheduled languages and 45 regional languages and dialects, over 40 of them unsupported until now.
    • That is wider than the 23 Indian voice languages BHASHINI carries.

    The Hindu, 14 Aug 2026: First multilingual Indian speech recognition model trained on 65 languages and dialects released (opens in a new tab)

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