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Drugs, diagnostics and medical technology

Drugs, diagnostics and medical devices, and the regulators and standards that keep them safe: drug approval and trials, the pharmacopoeia, substandard medicines, generics, prices and pharmacovigilance. It serves GS3 answers on science and technology in health.

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Testing drugs without animals

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Mains

Animal models predict human response poorly, which is one reason most drug candidates fail in trials, and organoids and organ on chip devices are the alternatives being developed.

What changed

  1. 19 Jul 2026New subjectalso in news

    • Only 10 to 14 per cent of drug candidates entering trials are approved, partly because animal models predict human response poorly. Alternatives include organoids and organ on chip devices.

    The Hindu, 19 Jul 2026: Non-animal testing is key to next phase of pharma growth (opens in a new tab)