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Fusion, radiation applications and nuclear governance

Atomic energy beyond power stations, and its governance: fusion research, radioisotopes and radiation in medicine, farming and food, the nuclear regulator, and international safeguards and treaties. Prelims has asked about India's membership of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and why some Indian reactors are under international safeguards.

UPSC has asked

  • Prelims 2020: why some Indian nuclear reactors are under international safeguards
  • Prelims 2016: India's membership of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor

Showing 1 of 2 articles, those that changed from 1 to 30 June 2026.Show all

Downblending enriched uranium

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Prelims and Mains

Downblending, the reverse of enrichment, mixes enriched uranium with natural or depleted uranium to below 5 per cent uranium 235, lengthening breakout time.

  • Natural uranium is 0.72 per cent fissile uranium 235.
  • The product is reconverted to uranium dioxide, which cannot be enriched directly, and verified by the IAEA.

What changed

  1. 19 Jun 2026BriefThe US and Iran memorandum of understanding to end the war commits Iran never to develop a nuclear bomb in return for sanctions relief. Its paragraph 8 sets on site downblending of Iran's enriched stockpile under IAEA supervision as the minimum method. The Hindu, 19 Jun 2026: What is downblending, the process at the heart of Trump's Iran agreement? (opens in a new tab)

Also filed elsewhere

  • Monazite and the beach sands · on Critical minerals and rare earths

    The sands of India's southern coast carry monazite, the mineral that holds both thorium and rare earths.

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