Social justice: welfare schemes, health, education, poverty and hunger

110 marks150 words

Saturation-based delivery has been adopted as the approach to the most disadvantaged tribal communities. Examine its merits over the earlier targeted approach, and identify the conditions on which its success depends.

The model answer is published the following morning.

215 marks250 words

India has a statutory employment guarantee for rural areas but none for urban areas, though urban poverty is increasingly the residual form of Indian poverty. Examine this asymmetry and the case for an urban employment programme.

The model answer is published the following morning.

315 marks250 words

Publicly financed health insurance has expanded financial protection without correspondingly reducing out-of-pocket expenditure. Examine the reasons, and assess whether insurance-led financing can substitute for public provision.

The model answer is published the following morning.

410 marks150 words

Statutory prohibition of manual scavenging has not ended the practice. Examine the reasons for the persistence of hazardous cleaning work, and evaluate the mechanisation and rehabilitation approach.

The model answer is published the following morning.

515 marks250 words

Foundational literacy and numeracy has been identified as the precondition for every later educational outcome. Examine why it has remained unachieved, and assess the adequacy of the current approach.

The model answer is published the following morning.