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Environment and Disaster Management › Protected areas and habitats

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Marine and coastal ecosystems

Coasts and seas as ecosystems: mangroves, seagrass, estuaries and lagoons, coastal regulation and erosion, marine protected areas and the treaties for the high seas. Prelims has asked what blue carbon is and where India has coral reefs.

Foundation note: Coral reefs of India

UPSC has asked

  • Prelims 2026: why mangroves matter for climate resilience
  • Prelims 2016: The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)

Nothing here changed from 1 to 30 September 2026.Show all

Also filed elsewhere

  • India's deep sea mining programme · on Ocean, polar and earth science missions

    India's deep sea mining programme explores the seabed for minerals under three International Seabed Authority contracts.

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