Current affairs

1.1.1GaganyaanNewPrelims and Mains

Gaganyaan is the first human spaceflight programme of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and it will carry a crew module to low Earth orbit and bring it back.

1.1.2Deorbiting the International Space StationNewPrelims and Mains

The International Space Station, occupied since 2000, is to retire around 2030.

2.1.1Airborne Early Warning and Control Mk IINewPrelims and Mains

The Mk II is DRDO's airborne early warning aircraft built on a converted A321 airliner, with the radar and mission systems developed in India.

2.1.2Fibre optic dronesNewPrelims and Mains

A fibre optic drone unspools a hair thin cable that carries all its control and video, so it emits no radio signal.

3.1.1Ebola: the Bundibugyo strainNewPrelims and Mains

The Bundibugyo strain is one of several species of Ebola, with a fatality rate of up to 40 per cent and no approved vaccine or treatment.

3.1.2TB Mukt Bharat AbhiyaanNewPrelims and Mains

The intensified 100 day TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, a campaign against tuberculosis (TB), moves from waiting for patients to active case finding in villages, urban wards and congregate settings.

3.2.1National HPV Vaccination CampaignNewPrelims and Mains

Cervical cancer is one of the few cancers with a single known cause, and human papillomavirus (HPV) is it.

3.3.1Drug resistant malariaNewPrelims and Mains

Artemisinin based combination therapies (ACTs) pair a fast acting artemisinin drug with a partner drug that clears remaining parasites.

3.4.1Anemia Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan: 7x7x7NewPrelims and Mains

Anemia Mukt Bharat ran for eight years on a 6x6x6 strategy of six beneficiary groups, six interventions and six institutional mechanisms, with prophylactic iron supplementation at its centre.

3.4.2SUMAN Roadmap 2030 and SSBSKNewPrelims and Mains

The Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) Roadmap 2030 takes a life cycle approach from pre pregnancy to the postnatal period and tracks high risk pregnancies across four stages: antenatal, third trimester, intrapartum and postnatal.

3.4.3National Family Health Survey 6NewPrelims and Mains

The National Family Health Survey is India's periodic household survey of health, nutrition and fertility; the sixth round covers 2023 to 24.

3.4.4Foodborne illness in IndiaNewPrelims and Mains

Foodborne illness covers over 200 diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites and chemicals.

3.5.2Virtual autopsyNewPrelims and Mains

A virtual autopsy, or virtopsy, examines a body with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) instead of extensive dissection.

3.5.3The PCPNDT Act and the child sex ratioNewPrelims and Mains

The Pre Conception and Pre Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994, amended in 2002 and 2013, prohibits sex selection before or after conception and limits prenatal diagnostic techniques to detecting abnormalities or metabolic disorders.

4.1.1Herbicide tolerant mustard hybridsNewPrelims and Mains

Herbicide tolerant mustard hybrids carry a single DNA change, made by mutation breeding and not genetic modification, that lets them survive imidazolinone herbicides.

5.1.1AI in courts: the draft 2026 RegulationsNewPrelims and Mains

The draft Regulations for Use of Artificial Intelligence in Courts, 2026, prepared by the Supreme Court's AI Committee, are a 57 regulation framework for every court and tribunal in India.

5.1.2Export controls on frontier modelsNewMains

Export controls on artificial intelligence are curbs on what a country lets out, and they work on scarce hardware such as advanced chips.

5.2.2India's data centre capacityNewPrelims and Mains

A data centre is counted in megawatts of IT load, because uninterrupted power is what it must be given and constant cooling is what that power becomes.

5.3.1ABDM's service layer: UHI, the Drug Registry and Aarogya Setu 2.0NewPrelims and Mains

The Unified Health Interface (UHI) of the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) is an open network with common protocols, so that a patient and a provider need not be on the same app to interact.

6.1.1The one time spectrum chargeNewPrelims and Mains

Spectrum is a public asset of the Union, divided into frequency bands and assigned by the Department of Telecommunications through auctions.

7.1.1PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli YojanaNewPrelims and Mains

PM Surya Ghar, launched in February 2024, subsidises rooftop solar for one crore households, with free electricity up to a set monthly use and the surplus sold to the distribution company.

7.1.2Pradhan Mantri Surya Sarovar YojanaBrief

11 Jun 2026The first national assessment by the National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) put reservoir potential at about 102 GW. The Hindu, 11 Jun 2026: India's reservoirs can host 102 GW of floating solar, says first national assessment (opens in a new tab)

7.2.1Small hydro powerNewPrelims and Mains

Small hydro in India means a project of up to 25 MW, usually run of river, using a stream's natural fall rather than a large reservoir.

7.3.1National Green Hydrogen MissionNewPrelims and Mains

The National Green Hydrogen Mission is the money and the architecture India has put behind making hydrogen from water instead of fossil gas.

7.3.2Compressed biogasNewPrelims and Mains

Compressed biogas is the gas of anaerobic digestion, in which bacteria break down wet organic matter without oxygen, stripped of its carbon dioxide and other impurities to leave almost pure methane.

7.4.1Power exchanges and market couplingNewPrelims and Mains

A power exchange is a platform where generators, distribution companies, traders and large consumers buy and sell electricity.

8.1.1Downblending enriched uraniumNewPrelims and Mains

Downblending, the reverse of enrichment, mixes enriched uranium with natural or depleted uranium to below 5 per cent uranium 235, lengthening breakout time.

9.1.1Research integrity: fake patents and retractionsNewPrelims and Mains

Design applications are not examined for novelty, unlike patents, and cover how an object looks, not how it works.

9.2.1Mega Science Vision 2035 for climate researchNewPrelims and Mains

Mega Science Vision 2035 for climate research is a community document, indicative rather than government policy, submitted to the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser.

9.2.2Anusandhan National Research FoundationNewPrelims and Mains

The Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF) pays for research in universities and colleges, and its mandate is to widen the base beyond the institutions that already win grants.

9.3.1Seismic monitoringNewPrelims and Mains

The National Seismological Network of 172 stations records India's earthquakes.